What is a hero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is a hero - Essay Example As Nanda would put it, a hero need not be somebody of dignified importance, a common man be a hero (1). A hero can come in many different shapes and sizes. Male or female, child or elderly, family member or a complete stranger, there is no limit to who can be someone’s hero and anyone can â€Å"fit as aptly into the category as a king or an eli† (Nanda 1). In the selections that were read, hero came in various forms and even in unusual way. Perhaps, the closest to the stereotype of hero is the character of Hard Rock in the poem â€Å"Hard Rock Returns to Prison† by Etheridge Knight, where a tough guy is type casted to the typical mold of a hero. He is a big black man from prison that everyone knows as being rough and tough. He was â€Å"known to take no shit from nobody.† ( Etheridge Knight, 194) he would whoop on anyone who said anything bad towards anyone. So the other prisoners looked at him as their hero. One had said â€Å"he had been our Destroyer, the doer of things we dreamed of doing but could not bring ourselves to do.† (Etheridge Knight, 195). In a way they all looked up to him, because he had the courage to do and stick up for what he believed in. Heroes need not to be as tough as Hard Rock also. They can be as gentle as our mothers but can become a hero in someone else’s eyes. This was the case in the short story â€Å"The Train from Hate† there is a completely different type of hero. The hero is a young boy’s mother where her character was not necessarily as tough and popular as Knight’s Hard Rock but rather of someone with steely disposition. This was evident when they were kicked off the train for being colored. Instead of causing a big scene she simply gets off. The boy was very upset they had to do this but she explained to him carefully it is has nothing to do with them. â€Å"She assured me that the conductor was not superior because he was white, and I was not inferior because I was black.† (John Hope Franklin

External and Internal Environmental Analysis Essay - 4

External and Internal Environmental Analysis - Essay Example The world certainly operates in an era where the need to come up with efficient and reliable technology is of primary importance. Thus, Apple has no choice, but to go for innovation in order to meet the requirement of the society that constantly of in great demand for new innovative technologies. Considering that every nation has to protect its economic status, employing government policy is the usual trend. Thus, it is remarkable that Apple has to abide by the rules and regulations of every nation where there is a high need for its product offerings. On the other hand, as Porter suggested, in an industry, there must be five forces, which include, new entrants, substitute products, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, and rivalry among existing firms (Porter, 2003). Apple has to face the competition. That is the reality. At present, there are small scale new entrants and new brands in the industry that try to compete with Apple’s product offerings. There are also various substitute products around, which could be the great result of rivalry among existing firms. As a result, this increases the bargaining power of suppliers, because of the ongoing competition. In addition, provided that there are many firms out there like Apple which are competing in almost the same segment, the source of raw materials may substantially be a primary factor for profitability and sustainable competitive advantage. As a result, the bargaining power of suppliers is higher due to constant and high demand for raw materials. Apple’s marketing strategy is like no other, for it is the first and exemplary in its industry. Even in its marketing approach, the firm has substantially established an innovative marketing strategy and business model that make it a cut above the other in its industry. As a result, Apple ensures its production

Neutralisation of False Positives using Presumptive Tests

Neutralisation of False Positives using Presumptive Tests   Jasnique Tiwana   The Neutralisation of False Positives using Presumptive Tests for Blood   Abstract Introduction This project emphasis upon neutralising presumptive tests for blood, this differs from other studies as they just test for false positives, instead of attempting to neutralise these known false positives. This project was conducted as there are no current obvious projects on the neutralisation of false positives. This is a crucial topic because it will save time at crime scenes when looking at a suspected blood stain, many false positives are known to interfere with the presumptive tests kits. However, if these can be eliminated at the scene, then it will save lots of time conducting confirmatory tests for a stain that is not blood. It will be interesting to discover whether one neutralizer can neutralise all or the majority of the unknown false positives. The aims of this project are to find out which substance/ products produce false positives, and whether or not these false positives can be neutralised. In addition, how many of these false positives work for both Kastle-Meyers and Leucomalachite green. Also whether the type of surface these false positives are found upon affects the ability for them to be detected. There are numerous amounts of different bodily fluids that can be found at a crime scene. Blood is one of the most common and important bodily fluid found at a crime scene as it can give an insight to a DNA profile and much more. The blood can either be from the offender this can help corroborate stories and give a deeper insight into what actually happened (The Forensics Library, n.d). In the criminal justice system blood is defined as a vital complex biological fluid containing red blood cells, which is present in vertebrate and may be shed during an accidental, intentional and/or criminal acts. (Wonder,2001). Blood consist of erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets, hence presumptive assays test for the presence of haemoglobin located in the erythrocytes (Jackson and Jackson, 2007). However, at a scene it may not always be obvious as to whether or not the stain is actually blood, thus, presumptive tests are required to determine whether the stain could be blood or not. There are various different presumptive tests designed to identify whether the stain is blood, although, these are not a confirmatory test for blood. Blood found at a crime scene is essential as it can provide a DNA profile from both the victim and the suspect. (Gupta, et, al. 2016). This can then be collected for further analysis in the laboratory, to obtain DNA profiles etc. (Tobe, et, al. 2007). Over centuries various different attempted clean-up methods have been used for blood, including bleach, therefore, it is important to use a presumptive test which can detect microscopic blood stains. Presumptive tests Presumptive tests with the exception of luminol are not applied directly to a stain, instead, the suspected stain is lifted using a sterile swab or filter paper, the presumptive test is then carried out on the filter paper or the swab. This is to ensure that the suspected stain is not damaged. In certain cases, such as where the surfaces have been washed down, it becomes more appropriate to use luminol due to its high level of detection (Jackson and Jackson, 2007). Presumptive tests are used by forensic scientists worldwide to aid in the identification of unknown substances such as blood. However, a presumptive test does not provide definitive identification instead it provides useful information which helps to decide what further action if any is needed. There are numerous presumptive tests for blood, historically with the most common being benzidine which was first introduced in 1904 (after Kastle-Meyers) which was introduced in 1901). Moreover, this is no longer widely used in forensics as it was discovered to have carcinogenic effects. Tetramethylbenzidine has also been recognised as a carcinogen and caution should be applied when using either test (James,1998). Presumptive tests are not specific to Human blood as they will also give a positive result for animal blood. Commonly, a colour change is observed to determine whether it is positive for that substance, due to these presumptive tests are subject to false positives and false negatives. In screening tests for blood, the heam group is observed as this acts as a catalyst which is involved in the chemical reactions. False positive results can be obtained from chemicals containing strong oxidants such as bleaches and household cleaners. Plant peroxidases such as horseradish can also affect presumptive tests such as horseradish as they contain peroxidases they catalyse oxidation reactions thus causing a false positive. They are known to be sensitive to heat so heating up a plant peroxidase can inactivate it. A false positive is identified as a colour change before the addition of hydrogen peroxide (Li,2008). Li (2008) states that although uncommon false negatives can also occur, this happens when a strong reductant is present, this hinders the oxidation reaction. Luminol Luminol is referred to a chemiluminescent reaction which is oxidised by haemoglobin. It was a very early method used in 1937 to detect microscopic amounts of blood at a crime scene as it has a very small detection limit (in nanograms). Although, the test is sensitive it is also prone to false positives as with the other presumptive tests of blood. Sodium Hypochlorite is in bleach based substances commonly used for a clean-up, this would be detected by the luminol test (Quickenden and Cooper 2001). A limitation to luminol is that it must be used in total darkness to be able to see the reaction. It is different from the other presumptive tests as it involves illumination with a bright light (blue) (Webb, et al, 2006). Kastle-Meyers The phenolphthalin Assay is referred to as the Kastle Meyers test, it differs from phenolphthalein which is a class of dye indicator commonly used in titrations. Phenolphthalin is a colourless compound (the reduced form), the oxidized derivative is phenolphthalein which turns pink (Li, 2015). The Kastle-Meyers (KM) test is one of the most popular presumptive test used by forensic scientists, it is possible to detect blood up to 100,000x dilution (Bell, 2012). Figure 1 shows the oxidation of phenolphthalein causing a pink colour change when reacting with a peroxide. The Kastle-Meyers test is a presumptive test used to identify blood stains; it contains phenolphthalein, which reacts with the haemoglobin in blood with the addition of hydrogen peroxide leading to a pink colour change for a positive test. This test, however, is not specific for blood and can be subject to false positives, it is also not specific to human blood and will react with animal blood. Therefore, it is not a confirmatory test of blood. Leucomalachite green (LMG) is also a presumptive test of blood, however; it is not as popular as the Kastle Meyers test (Bell, 2012). A positive result for Leucomalachite green is a green-blue colour change. Leucomalachite green (LMG) Figure 1 to show the chemical structure of Leucomalachite green (Sigma Aldridge, 2017) Leucomalachite Green chemical symbol C23H26N2 (PubChem, 2005), this is also a colour change test it is not as widely used as Kastle Meyers but it is just as useful. Leucomalachite green is oxidised by haem causing a blue-green colour change it is colourless when in its reduced state. The reaction is usually carried out in acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide which acts as an oxidiser (li, 2015). It is used in a very similar way to Kastle-Meyers, as the test is almost identical, this test as with the Kastle- Meyers, therefore, it is also prone to a false positive, hence further analytical tests are required to confirm if its blood. Due to the false positives, it cannot be called a confirmatory test for blood. These tests are also not specific as they do not react to just human blood but other animal blood. Neutralising agents Various different neutralisers are available for bleach. Bleach is known to be a common false positive detected with Presumptive tests. The active ingredient in Bleach is Sodium Hypochlorite, therefore, research into is neutralisation was looked into. The most common one used is Sodium Thiosulphate another is Ascorbic acid which is used more commonly in water storage tanks to climate all remaining bleach making the water safe to drink (Tanguay,2013). Due to the neutralisation of peroxide both these neutralisers will be used to see if they neutralise all the false positives. Method Preparation of the reagents: The Kastle-Meyers test: The reagent is made by weighing out 12g of phenolphthalein, 120g of potassium hydroxide and 30grams of Zinc dust and 600ml of distilled water should then be added. This is then put onto a hot plate and stirred for 3 hours. (Langford et,al). The Kastle-Meyers was used as follows, the stain was moistened with ethanol (optional depending on how the stain was lifted) and this is rubbed over the stain, then two drops of the Kastle-Meyers is then added onto the stain, at this stage a colour change is indicative of a false positive, if there is no false positive at this point then continue to the next stage, and add two drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide, if there is an immediate pink colour change this indicates blood could be present as it is a positive result for blood. If there is no colour change then it can be almost certainly said that no blood is present, this is due to its high level of sensitivity. Leucomalachite green solution was made up using 0.11grams of Leucomalachite green powder, 66mL of glacial acetic acid and 33mL of distilled water, this was mixed together to form the colourless Leucomalachite green (cox, 1991). The same method mentioned above is used for Leucomalachite green with a blue-green colour change being a positive result for blood and a blue-green before the addition of hydrogen peroxide being a false positive. The initial Leucomalachite green solution is clear. Defibrinated horse blood was used due to its similarity to human blood, also because presumptive tests cannot differentiate between blood types. The swabs used were all in sterile packaging and all the pipettes had been autoclaved prior to use to ensure that all equipment used was sterile as not to allow any cross contamination. Blood was placed straight onto a sterile swab; this was subjected to the presumptive tests to ensure no other contaminants caused a colour change this acted as a positive control. Negative controls were created using a sterile swab and adding each of the reagents to make sure nothing else was interfering with the test. A positive control was also taken by swabbing blood from denim to see if it would still react or if there was an interfering factor. To determine the levels of sensitivity for both KM and LMG blood was diluted and put into test tubes. Blood was pipetted into test tubes using Finn pipettes in order to determine accuracy. Different concentrations of blood were made up using distilled water and blood. The solutions made up were 1:10, 1:100, 1:1000, 1: 10,000, 1: 100,000 were prepared. This was done by pipetting 1mL of blood into 9mL of water, from this solution 1mL was added into 9mL of water and so on. This method was used to determine the level of sensitivity of the presumptive tests used a sterile swab was dipped into each of these solutions and the Kastle -Meyers test was performed. The time taken for these to turn and the shade of pink in which they turned were recorded. Each swab was taken 3 times in order to determine accuracy, but also each test tube was made up 3 times, this gave a total of 15 test tubes, to make sure no extra or no less blood was added each time, and to check the reliability of the method a s the blood had begun slightly clotting. This was done over a series of days to see if the results differed in anyway. A series of household items and known false positives obtained from previous literature reviews were determined and these were placed onto the denim material, by rubbing the item onto the material. The items used were, horseradish, bleach, red onion, lemon, tomato, tomato ketchup (Heinz) and potato. These were then allowed to dry on the material before dampening the stain with distilled water. This was repeated three times and also repeated after 3 days when it had more time to dry. With a fresh batch of false positives, horseradish, bleach, ketchup and tomato were re tested to see if they reacted to the new Kastle Meyers and Leucomalachite green solutions. Once the false positives were established such as the use of bleach, then sodium thiosulphate and Ascorbic acid were added to the stains to see if they affected the tests and gave a new negative reaction. Sodium thiosulphate was made up using 0.25g of Sodium Thiosulphate and 5ml of water and mixed to make a 5% solution, the crystals were stirred and the remaining solution was colourless Ascorbic acid was made up using 0.25g of ascorbic acid in 10ml of water, this was then stirred and gives a clear solution. Firstly, a sterile was dipped into bleach and a few drops of the leucomalachite green were applied using a disposable sterile pipette each time, the colour change was then observed. Once this was established another swab was dipped into bleach but this time sodium thiosulphate was first added to the swab, (again using a disposable sterile swab) the sodium thiosulphate was applied all the way around the swab to ensure all areas were covered. In addition, lecucomalachite green was then pipetted onto the swab and observed for a colour change, the same thing was then repeated using ascorbic acid. The swab was held up against a white background to see if It had a slight reaction or not. It was tried with pure bleach and diluted bleach to see if the reactions were the same. The neutralising agents were also used with pure blood to see if it reacted the same with blood and caused a colour change, hydrogen peroxide was added to the pure blood stain. This was to determine whether or not it is a true false positive or not. The next stage was to repeat the following steps using Kastle -Meyers on pure bleach and diluted bleach. In addition, to determine whether or not the false positives worked on all peroxides, both Ascorbic acid and Sodium Thiosulphate were also used on horseradish, in an attempt to neutralise it, this was repeated three times. Results Firstly, a positive and negative control were taken to ensure a positive result was obtained for pure blood and a negative result for water, indicating there was no contamination. A serial dilution was made for the Kastle-Meyers to determine the level of sensitivity. It was measured to a 1 in 100,000 dilution as this is the results obtained from previous literature as to the level of sensitivity. Table 1 shows the intensity of the colour change from the dilution of blood, this was repeated three times. Table 1 a table to show the level of sensitivity of the Kastle-Meyers solution Dilution factor Repeat 1 Repeat 2 Repeat 3 X10 Bright pink Bright Pink Bright Pink X100 Positive Positive Positive X1,000 Positive Positive Positive X10,000 Faint pink Faint pink None X100,000 None None None False positives were first tested on denim to see if they reacted. The blood sample was placed onto the denim material first this was to determine whether the Kastle-Meyers kit was working correctly. The results of the false positives can be seen in table 2, each sample was firstly loaded onto the swab and the denim material, this was too see if there was a difference between the two methods. The highlighted results in table two show the false positives which differed on the denim and the swab. Table 2 shows the first experiment to test for false positives comparing it to the reaction it had on denim. Table 2 false positives using Kastle-Meyers on denim and directly to swab, with* meaning inconclusive result as it is the same colour in which the test kit changes, the samples reacted after 5 mins of the addition of Kastle-Meyers reagent False positive Negative/positive reaction on denim material Added directly to swab Horse Radish root Bleach(Sodium Hypochlorite) + Red onion Potato Tomato sauce + Red Onion Lemon + Tomato * Red radish Leucomalachite green was also tested for its sensitivity of blood This was then tested on pure blood with the addition of hydrogen peroxide. This was to check if the solution made up gives a blue-green colour change. Table 3 shown below shows a serial dilution for Leucomalachite green, the serial dilution was performed in the same way as in the Kastle-Meyers test and the colour change and intensity of the change was recorded Table 3 a table to show the dilution factor of Leucomalachite green after the addition of hydrogen peroxide Dilution factor Repeat 1 Repeat 2 Repeat3 X10 Strong Turquoise Strong Turquoise Strong Turquoise X100 Blue green Light Blue-green Blue-green X1,000 Light Blue-green Faint Blue-green Light Blue-green X10,000 No reaction No reaction No reaction X100,000 No reaction No reaction No reaction Table 4 shows the false positives on the denim material and direct application to the swab, the first repeat the same method applied as that in Leucomalachite green Table 4 false positives using denim material and direct application to the swab, this shows the first attempt using Leucomalachite green False positive Negative/positive reaction on denim material Added directly to swab Horse Radish root + Bleach(Sodium Hypochlorite) + Red onion Potato Tomato sauce Red Onion Lemon Tomato Red radish A fresh set of Known false positives were then used, this was tested with both Kastle Meyers and Leucomalachite green respectively, this is shown in table 5 and 6, each one was tested three times and the reaction and the intensity of the reaction are shown. This time instant colour changes were recorded, using a new Kastle- Meyers test Kit, this was done under a fume hood. This time a diluted bleach sample was used to see if it affected the results of bleach. Table 5 False positives tested using Kastle -Meyers where + means a positive reaction and is a negative reaction, instantaneous results False positive Repeat 1 Repeat 2 Repeat 3 Horseradish + strong pink + pink + strong pink Tomato Tomato Ketchup Bleach + Strong Pink +strong Pink + Strong Pink Diluted bleach + weak pink + pink + weak pink Table 6 false positives tested using Leucomalachite green where + indicates a positive reaction and indicates a negative reaction instantaneous False positive Repeat 1 Repeat 2 Repeat 3 Horseradish + light green + light green + dark green Tomato Tomato Ketchup Bleach + Strong blue/green +strong green + Strong green Diluted bleach + strong green + strong green + strong green Table 7 shows the neutralisation of the false positives identified in table 5 and 6 using ascorbic acid and thiosulphate Table 7 neutralising agents of the false positives for both Kastle-Meyers and Leucomalachite green. where + indicates a positive reaction (colour change) and indicates a negative reaction (no colour change) False positive Kastle- Meyers Leucomalachite green Sodium thiosulphate Ascorbic acid Sodium thiosulphate Ascorbic acid Horse radish + + Bleach + + + Diluted bleach Discussion       The test was repeated three times to see if the results were the same each time. Kastle -Meyers has a level of sensitivity up to 1 in 100,000. This was found to be the level of sensitivity by other authors. Blood was diluted with water; this was not only to test the level of sensitivity but blood is likely to be cleaned up with water of some kind. Leucomalachite green is not as widely used as Kastle-Meyers, as it has a lower level of sensitivity This was diluted in blood to check its level of sensitivity it got a reaction up to 1 in 1,000 rather than 1 in 10,000 as suggested by other literature reports. Denim material had ketchup, tomato, horseradish and blood added to it, however, it did not yield any results as the false positives did not change colour with the addition to lecuomalachite green. Bleach was tested with lecuomalchite green, this gave an instant colour change, bleach was then diluted in water to see if watered down bleach gave the same effect and this also gave a positive reaction. Sodium thiosulphate neutralised the effect of bleach as the reaction was barely visible using the Leucomalachite green, however, the ascorbic acid worked but not as well as the thiosulphate. This is because it was hard to tell whether the entire swab had been neutralised as it appeared a very faint green colour around the sides, compared to other swabs which appeared unaffected by the neutralising agent chosen. It was only tested on the bleach and horse radish because they were the only substances which had given a false positive reaction, None of the substances on denim gave a false positive, this leads to further research into indigo dye as a neutraliser.

The Tatyana-caste :: English Literature Essays

The Tatyana-caste '...Just as the storm clouds often slay The scarcely breathing new born day.' 1 One of the most popular of Tennyson's poems, The Lady of Shalott relates the tragic story of an extremely lonely young lady longing for a soulmate. A poem of "technical virtuosity, inspired landscape-painting based on precise observation, and a dreamworld of artistic beauty denying the commonplace"2, "turning to beauty as a possibility of a more complete life"3, it is one of the highlights of the author's early years. This paper shall attempt to prove my opinion that the work is very much parallel to an even more famous Russian narrative poem finished about the same year as The Lady of Shalott. I will omit discussing the poem's popular critical interpretation concerning "the conflict between the artist's own sensual vision and his need to experience life directly"4 -- I'll rather concentrate on my individual, rather alienated thoughts and feelings arised during the reading, and I will not go into Arthurian considerations, either. Concerning both the subject of a yearning, introverted young lady and the bleak solution, Tennyson's poem may be readily compared to two other, albeit larger scale, masterpieces of the early 1830's -- Balzac's "Eugenie Grandet" and, even more notably, Pushkin's "Onegin" --, each dealing with the same kind of pastoral, embowered, dreamy, grave and generally misunderstood girls or young women. This 'caste' sticks out of its rustic environment like a sore thumb, often being regarded by their own relatives and acquaintances as hopeless misfits, spinsters or nuns to be; being highly sensitive, imaginative and deep-feeling, they find it exceptionally hard, even actually impossible, to become accepted and understood within their immediate environment made up of generally cruder and simpler sorts. Thus, these girls feel obliged to create a world of their own as a progressive act of counterbalance and self-condolence, rich with remnants of childhood fantasy, romantic works they've read and an air of bittersweet wistfulness. Pushkin's memorable portrayal of Tatyana as a child may well resemble the early years of the Shalott Lady: "She was no beauty, like her sister, And had no roses on her cheeks, Which would attract admiring looks. A wild thing, mournful and retiring, Like a doe seen in a forest clearing, In the midst of all her kith and kin She seemed like something alien. She could not manage a caress With ma or pa, or a soft touch. The Tatyana-caste :: English Literature Essays The Tatyana-caste '...Just as the storm clouds often slay The scarcely breathing new born day.' 1 One of the most popular of Tennyson's poems, The Lady of Shalott relates the tragic story of an extremely lonely young lady longing for a soulmate. A poem of "technical virtuosity, inspired landscape-painting based on precise observation, and a dreamworld of artistic beauty denying the commonplace"2, "turning to beauty as a possibility of a more complete life"3, it is one of the highlights of the author's early years. This paper shall attempt to prove my opinion that the work is very much parallel to an even more famous Russian narrative poem finished about the same year as The Lady of Shalott. I will omit discussing the poem's popular critical interpretation concerning "the conflict between the artist's own sensual vision and his need to experience life directly"4 -- I'll rather concentrate on my individual, rather alienated thoughts and feelings arised during the reading, and I will not go into Arthurian considerations, either. Concerning both the subject of a yearning, introverted young lady and the bleak solution, Tennyson's poem may be readily compared to two other, albeit larger scale, masterpieces of the early 1830's -- Balzac's "Eugenie Grandet" and, even more notably, Pushkin's "Onegin" --, each dealing with the same kind of pastoral, embowered, dreamy, grave and generally misunderstood girls or young women. This 'caste' sticks out of its rustic environment like a sore thumb, often being regarded by their own relatives and acquaintances as hopeless misfits, spinsters or nuns to be; being highly sensitive, imaginative and deep-feeling, they find it exceptionally hard, even actually impossible, to become accepted and understood within their immediate environment made up of generally cruder and simpler sorts. Thus, these girls feel obliged to create a world of their own as a progressive act of counterbalance and self-condolence, rich with remnants of childhood fantasy, romantic works they've read and an air of bittersweet wistfulness. Pushkin's memorable portrayal of Tatyana as a child may well resemble the early years of the Shalott Lady: "She was no beauty, like her sister, And had no roses on her cheeks, Which would attract admiring looks. A wild thing, mournful and retiring, Like a doe seen in a forest clearing, In the midst of all her kith and kin She seemed like something alien. She could not manage a caress With ma or pa, or a soft touch.

Maintaining Records Essay

Ensure you know your companies policies for maintain records. Do they have certain ways of doing things i.e. writing in black etc. Also ensure the information is easy to read. Do not use abbreviations unless you state what they mean. Always be aware of confidentiality. Make sure each record is signed and dated. Keep each record in some kind of order i.e. Alphabetical, numeric, or use an identification code for each individual to make it easier to find the individuals records. Make sure every piece of paperwork is in date order so it is easy to look for. If there are any options to be given make sure there is evidence to back this up. Try to make sure you finish the piece of work before your shift finishes. When the records are finished with they must be stored away somewhere safe and locked away, If you need to leave your desk and are working on someone records you must put them away securely first. Always remember the confidentiality data protection act. When reading people information or writing about them always make sure you do it in a place where no one can read over your shoulder or see what records you have. Ask not to be disturbed while you are updating records. If the records are on a computer then you must make sure all the information is accurate and saved in the right place. The PC must be password locked and have an antivirus.  If you use a USB then it must be protected and supplied from your company and have your managers approval. Task A AiIdentify four key pieces of Legislation or Codes of Practice relating to handling information in social care settings. Data Protection Act 1998 – this Act is to protect the data on each individual and ensures confidentiality is kept. Freedom of Information Act 2000 – A person can ask to look at the information kept on them if they want to read it. Care Standards Act – this ensure all information is correct and stored away securely. Health and Social Care Act. – This ensures that all information regarding to health and social care is treated appropriately and by the relevant people. AiiExplain how legislation requirements and codes of practice affect the day to day work of a social care worker in relation to handling information. The requirements ensure that Social Care workers handle all information in an accurate and confidential manner. Safeguarding is an important part of the job as it could contain a person’s personal information. This has to be dealt with in a professional manner and requirements are there to make sure everyone follows them even during their personal time. At no given time should any information be discussed about a person’s information unless it is to a person relevant to the job. A social care worker has to be mindful of everything they say, write, document and share to ensure the legal requirements are followed. The requirements are they to ensure information is always kept confidential even when inputting onto a computer which is why passwords are always needed to ensure security. AiiiExplain two ways of helping other practitioners to understand the importance of handling information securely. 1. I would help others by explaining what would happen if they did not handle information the correct way. An example of this could be if someone was to get hold of bank details then they could steal money. People may judge if the find out information they do not like. You could be fined heavily or go to jail for breach of information. Giving them a copy of the Legislation policies would also be helpful. 2. I would show other practitioners how I handle all information and how I would make sure it was safely stored once I  had finished with it. AivExplain two ways of helping other practitioners to understand the different systems used to record information in adult social care settings. 1. I would provide information on the two ways they can record all their data. The first would be about storing records manually. This would be in a secure place where only the relevant people can gain access. 2. Second would be by storing information electronically. I would ensure that they understood that to make this safe they have to have a password on the computer which should be changed regularly and an anti-virus should be placed in the computer system.

My wish for the world

According to the Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, ‘world' means the earth with all its countries, people and natural features around us. Now, the world is craving for freedom. Can't people these days hear the earth's cry? It cry saying ‘I want peace, I want no pollution, I want the rivers to run free and I want my nature back! The only thing man can care about is themselves. Nothing else. They don't realize it until one day they suffer. My wish for the world is simple like everyone else writing this wants it to be. I wish that the world is free from pollution. Pollution is the process of making air, water and many other things dirty. There are many type of pollutions such as air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution. Air pollution is harmful to all living organisms on this earth. Air pollution can exist in many type of states such as open burning, release of carbon monoxide from vehicles, cigarettes smoke and factories and haze. This may lead to many type of sickness such as difficulty in breathing, sore throat, cough, blurriness of vision and many more. The effects of air pollution on the earth are green house effects, global warming and the thinning of the ozone layer. Ways to overcome this problem are filtration of smoke before being released into the environment, a person who does open burning should be fined and vehicles should use catalytic converter. Water pollution can happen with the spilling of oil in the sea, toxic substances being thrown into the river and many more. The effects of this is that many aquatic creatures will die and extinct since the layer of oil covering it will block the oxygen from entering the water. Besides that, the fisherman will lose his daily income and we will lose our main source of protein. Ways to overcome this problem are ships that does oil spilling should be fined and the laws should be tightened. I also wish the world would always be in peace. Everyone wishes a peaceful world. But if the war continues, the world will be destroyed. War occurs when countries are not satisfied with what they have. They always want more which is a necessary to them. Their wish to rule other countries and widen their empires also causes war. For example, the war against Iraq and America. The need of oil to America has forced them to invade Iraq. This war is also caused by misunderstanding among leaders. Unlike Malaysia, Iraqians are living in misery because of lack of food. Malaysians live in peace and harmony. If all countries were like Malaysia, I am sure the world would be in peace forever. Furthermore, I wish that there would be no extinction in fauna. When an animal extinct, that means that no member of its species exist anymore anywhere in the world. Species extinct because of not being able to cope with the environment changes such as pollution and species evolution or hunters. The most unnatural phenomenon that causes animal to extinction is man's need to hunt animals for their parts. This is because there is a demand for animal parts such as fur and other medicinal purposes. Among the animal that used to exist but now are extinct are the auroches, dodo bird, woolly mammoth, dinosaurs, quagga, Tasmanian tiger and Steller's sea cow. Among the animals now on the endangered list are elephants, great apes, marine turtles, monarch butterflies, panda bears, American pikas, polar bears, rhinoceroses, snow leopard, tigers, whales and dolphins. There are many type of ways to solve this problem such as there are various organizations and bodies in each country that work towards conserving wildlife as well as protecting endangered animals. In some countries, work is done to help certain animals mate in the hope of procreating more of their species. If we play our part by not creating a demand on such products on animal parts, then the hunting will stop. This means that we have to stop buying fur products, alligator skin bags and shoes and even traditional medicines that use animal parts. Man is the main reason why most animal are becoming extinct. We are killing the animals for our own selfish needs whether directly or indirectly. I wish the people in the world would appreciate nature and take good care of it so that in the future there will be no extinction. Malaysia's forests have been home to many great animals over the years. However, due to the development, deforestation and man, certain species of flora and fauna have dwindled in number. If we could learn how to live close to nature and love it, definitely there wouldn't be any extinction. If extinctions continue, there wouldn't be any animals or plants left. Then, man will lose their source of food. We should understand that whenever nature is harmed, mankinds are the ones who is going to be most affected. I also wish that natural disasters wouldn't happen. Natural disasters are phenomenon which can cause death, destruction and leave harmful effects. So far, natural disasters have taken lives of billions including plants and animals. For instance, the tsunami tragedy which happened in December 2004. it took the lives of billions. The tsunami waves hit Jakarta, Sri Lanka, India and Malaysia. Many believe that this is a sign showing that our earth and the God are angry with us for destroying living plants and animals. By now, we should realize our mistakes and stop all activities that are destroying the earth. Because if we don't, we will pay for our mistakes when time comes. The world is a place for all living organisms and everybody should appreciate it by preventing the world from destruction in time to come. Lastly, I hope that all my wish for the world will come true.

To Kill a Mocking Bird - Calpurnia essays

To Kill a Mocking Bird - Calpurnia essays Choose a character out of the novel; describe the characters personality and placement in the novel. - How does this character relate to the Finch family? - How does the Finch family feel about this character? - Why do they respond to the character like this? Calpurnia is the black maid to the Finchs in Harper Lees novel To Kill A Mockingbird. She is treated by the Finchs as if she were a Finch as they see her as a member of their family. She is a friendly person whom is helpful and caring to the entire Finch family. Calpurnia is seen by the reader as almost being a white person, even though her skin is black and she comes from a black family and background. Calpurnia has spent all her days working for the Finchs and she does her work in a happy yet serious way. She is happy to care for and teach the Finchs as she feels they too care and teach her. It appears to the reader that Calpurnia almost lives a double life; a white family member whilst working and a black woman at her home. She is seen by the reader to be clever and well educated, a thing that most black people of that time were not. Calpurnia is also seen to be quite strict and firm with the children, even though she is in actual fact being loving and compassionate. Even though Calpurnia lives half her life as a white, she still attends black church and has a close bond with all the blacks in the community. There are many reasons Harper Lee chose to put Calpurnia in the novel and position her in the way she did. Harper Lee wanted the reader to see how Calpurnia interacted with both whites and blacks in a similar manner. By having Calpurnia as the Finchs maid, Harper Lee effectively shows the reader that the Finch family are completely un-racist, unlike many of Maycombs residents. Another reason why Harper Lee positioned Calpurnia as t ...

Patriot essays

Patriot essays The American Revolutionary war was the time were the colonist rebelled against the British Attacks. The British were in control of all of the colonies. The Red Coats which is the British were also in control of all import, and export goods. They taxed every type of good that came in or out of the colonies. The colonist developed a group of man later called the militia. The militia is a group of farmers trained as soldiers to fight against the British. Another valuable asset to the colonists were the African America slaves, allowed by their master to fight along side the colonist. The American Revolution was a turning point in creating the United States of America today. The British army who was also known as the red coats simply because of the type of uniform they wore. The red coats caused the colonist a lot of grief. Red coats were evolved in a lot of important events including the Boston Massacre, one of the most important events in history. It was the killing of colonist in the middle of the town. This event caused colonist to rebel even more, later the colonist were also involve in another event later called the Boston Tea Party. It was were the colonist dump tea into the Boston Bay. The British upset with this event enforced tougher and stricter rules where their punishments were more severe, some were even tried with treason. The colonists highly annoyed with the way the red coats were running the colonies. The colonist set out to assemble a group of men, in which they found in bars, churches, farms, and in fields they even recruited slaves given to the selective services by their masters. This group of men were called a militia, which was a number of farmers, priest, and men from bars trained to fight as soldiers. The militia was trained by soldiers under the command of George Washington, he was the general in command in the fight for freedom and independence. The colonist were large but still didnt ...

How to Use Google Earth Free Mapping Software

How to Use Google Earth Free Mapping Software Google Earth is a free software download from Google that allows you to zoom in to see highly detailed aerial photos or satellite images of any place on the planet earth. Google Earth includes numerous layers of professional and community submissions to assist the user in zooming to see interesting places. The search feature is as easy to use as is Google search and incredibly intelligent in locating places around the globe. There is no better piece of mapping or imagery software available for free. Pros Google Earth is completely free to download and use.Google Earth allows a user to zoom and see images of the planet in great detail.Numerous layers of data are available to enhance the Google Earth experience.Google Earth is updated on an ongoing basis over the Internet.The Google Earth community is constantly adding fascinating new and free content to Google Earth. Cons Google Earth has so much data, you need a high speed Internet connection to use it effectively.If you view many layers at once on Google Earth, your view as you zoom may be jumbled.The side bar has many choices and can be somewhat cumbersome to use.Some of the user-added Google Earth points of interest are useless or incorrect.Some areas of the planet are not available on Google Earth in high resolution or high detail. Description Google Earth includes satellite images and well as aerial photos of the entire planet earth.Numerous layers provide supplementary content contributed by organizations as well as individuals.Google Earth is available for free. Google Earth Plus for $20 allows use of a GPS device and the import of spreadsheets.Google Earth provides driving directions - select the Driving Directions tab in the search box.The sightseeing folder inside the My Places folder already contains points of interest marked on the earth to explore. Guide Review - Google Earth Google Earth is a free download available from Google. Once you install Google Earth, you will be able to launch it. On the left-hand side of the screen, you will see the search, layers, and places. Use search to look up a specific address, a city name, or a country and Google Earth will fly you there. Use a country or state name with searches for better results (i.e. Houston, Texas is better than just Houston). Use the center scroll wheel of your mouse to zoom in and out on Google Earth. The left mouse button is the hand tool which allows you to reposition the map. The right mouse button also zooms. Double left clicking slowly zooms in and double right clicking slowly zooms out. The features of Google Earth are numerous. You can save your own placemarks on personal sites of interest and share them with the Google Earth Community (right click on the placemark after creating it). Use the compass image in the upper right-hand corner of the map to navigate or to tilt the map of a airplane-style view of the earths surface. Watch the bottom of the screen for important information. Streaming provides an indication of how much data has been downloaded - once it reaches 100%, that is the best resolution you will see in Google Earth. Again, some areas are not shown in high resolution. Explore the excellent layers provided with Google Earth. There are many layers of photos (including National Geographic), buildings are available in 3-D, dining reviews, national parks, mass transit routes, and so much more. Google Earth has done an incredible job allowing organizations and even individuals to add to the map of the world through commentary, photos, and discussion. Of course, you can turn off layers, too.

Survival in Auschwitz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Survival in Auschwitz - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the life at concentration camps was full of turmoil and hardships. Jews used to be transported by trains into these camps, and they were segregated according to their ability to function as Auschwitz-2 functioned as the site for the extermination of Jews. It had resulted in a total of 960,000 deaths of Jews over the years when the Third Reich was governing this part of Primo Levi was an Italian who was arrested in 1943 and deported to the city of Auschwitz, where he spent the next few months of his life in the most inhumane conditions he ever witnesses. Along with 650 other Italian Jews, he was loaded into a freight train which took them to Auschwitz. The train journey was 4 days long and no one was allowed to eat or drink water during the time of the journey. Apart from such severe restrictions, the inmates were also not allowed to talk to anyone else on the train. Primo Levi accounts these stories and describes them as the â€Å"most severe hardshipsâ⠂¬  which could have been effectuated on people. According to Levi’s writings and accounts of whatever he had witnessed at the camp, he writes about the kind of solidarity that was present among the various prisoners and inmates. This camp was one where people came in alone and died alone; no one could save anyone. It was not in the hands of a person to be able to safeguard someone else, even if he were a child or an old person. Auschwitz was one such place, therefore, where people spent time alone. However, Levi writes that despite this distance that people maintained from each other, there also was a sense of belonging and affiliation towards each other. This was because all the people there were stuck in the same situation and thus through various tasks, ideas and activities, were able to form their own groups and carry out the normal living as far as they could. People tried to help each other and be on the lookout for each other; their one common enemy was the Germans a nd all Jews were collectively against the kind of extreme situations they were being thrust into by them. This unity thus brought them together and is what is spoken about largely within the confines of the book by Levi.

Multimedia Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Multimedia - Assignment Example The use of multimedia has become universal and has fully integrated in the field of education. An institution desires to modernize their induction tour with the latest technologies to enhance the experience for the newly inducted students and present a promising image of the college. Multimedia is also used in organizations for various purposes. Different types of technologies shall be discussed in the paper regarding their unique uses for organization. In the end, an effective solution will be proposed for the institution to incorporate technology in the induction tour. Task 1 2. Types of Multimedia used in Organizations 2.1 Promotion and Advertising Modern organizations have numerous platforms on which they can promote the image of their organizations. Most common use of multimedia is seen in the domain of promotion and advertising. The first step in this process is to define the audience that shall be aimed to be targeted with the promotional campaigns. Radio and television are am ong the conventional forms of multimedia used in the field of advertising. Radio tends to be cost effective as compared to TV and print ads. Internet technology has intervened in the lives of individuals to such a great extent that life cannot be perceived without it in the modern world. Organizations use the medium of internet to reach a larger set of audiences. According to Kawamoto; there are over 1 billion internet users worldwide. Advertisements and promotional campaigns are run on social networking sites, search engines and company owned websites. Another good approach to promote the name of the company is to make a profile for the company on Facebook, MySpace and Twitter. Current campaigns and latest promotions can be advertised through these profiles. 2.2 Digital Poster Digital posters are defined as the displays that are electronically updated with respect to the content provided by the organizations. They facilitate fast and convenient updates of information therefore more information can be communicated to the audience than flat posters. They are more eye-catching as they can be incorporated with sound and video to enable a more effective delivery of message to the recipient. 2.3 Virtual Tours A virtual tour is defined as the simulation of any place which is created by the accumulation of numerous videos and snapshots. Virtual tours allow the creator to communicate the floor plan and interiors of any location to a person who might be residing thousands of miles away from that place. This type of multimedia can help any business communicate their services to their customers; this experience gives an opportunity to the customers to evaluate the quality of the service. For example, hotels advertise their rooms, spa locations and dining areas with the aid of virtual tours. Hospitals might use the same medium to communicate their medical facilities to the audiences. Real estate agencies use this type of multimedia to show the interiors, neighbourhood and location of premises. Figure 1: Screenshot of a virtual tour of a hotel (Interactive virtual tours for estate agents, hotels, business, bars and restaurants) 2.4 Education and Training This concept of acquiring education and training by means of multimedia is known as ‘computer based learning’ or ‘computer based teaching’. Businesses have adapted multimedia technologies to provide

British Empire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

British Empire - Essay Example The utilization of academic journals, timely books, academic web sites, and periodical articles, gives supporting evidence into this research to prove the validity of the statement that the British Empires construction was done to improve upon the British people's homeland, and living conditions, more so than any other socioeconomic factor emphasized. This statement does not hold the validity that the main idea of the construction of the British Empire does, which was to provide guaranteed sustenance, a secure home-land, safety for the citizens, and the promotion of socioeconomic growth. As Porter (2002) points out in his writing, "British expansion was a matter of prudent negotiation rather than thoughtless aggression," or even greed for that matter. This defines the building of the British Empire as a construction that was not done by means of war, but rather discussion amongst other public figures of countries to gain treaties that would allow for Britain to be able to develop and expand in a humane and civil manner. Furthermore, the idea that it was greed that compelled the Britons to expand seems highly unlikely and benign as Porter defines, through his writing, that there were notably times when Britain had no real interest in imperial expansion, even though it normally occurred at a later date through negotiated treaties ( 219). The main cause of this Nation building its empire was more centered on necessary strategies of protection, and the social, economic, and religious factors that were involved at the time, as is being emphasized. As has been stated, there existed multi-faceted reasons for the development of this Empire. The Briton's steadfast belief in imperialism, and the idea they had to civilize and bring the idea of Christianity to the whole world held its own place in the construction of the empire. The Briton's believed that by expanding and acquiring more land they would have better safety nets for refuge in case of attack. They also wanted to secure a safe area of land so that colonializations could develop and the people could feel safe. By doing this they believed it allowed them to have the freedom to follow their own religious following. In other words, expansion brought them a religious form of refuge from persecution by Puritans like Charles I. Not only did the Briton's feel expansion was extremely necessary to provide for religious sanctity at times, but they also realized that the growing population needed a good demographic area to settle for an extended period. These were all unselfish reas ons for the continuing construction of the British Empire's development and security. Furthermore, Britons were aware of the signs of animosity from neighboring countries that could pose a threat to the country's well being, and in this regard they had many defensive reasons as to why the construction of the Empire was indeed, a necessity. Their fear of Spain led them to expand into North American

Benchmarking Research Paper for Streamlining the Budgeting and

Benchmarking for Streamlining the Budgeting and Purchasing process of Public Safety Departments - Research Paper Example This aids public sector departments to challenge the way they do things and utilize their finite resources better, which may have significant impacts on public sector outcomes. The paper explores key institutional drivers that may contribute to enhancing public sector efficiency on aspects such as benchmarking (performance information) and its role in the budget process. Benchmarking Research Paper Introduction Benchmarking infers the process of gauging one’s business processes and performance metrics to other industry bests or best practices. The term refers to the incessant process for monitoring and learning from the work processes, products, or services of other organizations appreciated as representing the best practices, in the effort of process improvement. Benchmarking is a tool that aids to enhance the efficiency of business processes or to minimize the output costs. The benchmarking of processes, such as budgeting and purchasing, avails organizations with the necessa ry information regarding how competently the services are provided to the community. Benchmarking avails a prospect to discover the best practices for service delivery within the public sector departments (Zairi, 2001). ... This facilitates learning on how well the targets perform and the business processes that explain why the target firms are successful. Public administration literature prominently cites three general approaches to benchmarking applicable to the public sector. These approaches include process-improvement benchmarking, strategic benchmarking, and target benchmarking. Benchmarking avails a tool for public sector managers to cope with the changing needs of their constituents. Process improvement benchmarking (corporate-style benchmarking) equates to looking at industry best practices and replicating or adapting them to fit one’s own organization (Curristine, Lonti & Journard, 2007). Targeting infers the process of the setting of goals and objectives to be attained via strategic planning actions. In this form of benchmarking, the present conditions are analyzed and then compared to a certain target (vision) or condition in the future that is desired. The Benchmarking Process The be nchmarking process can be conceived as a four-phase process; plan, collect, analyze, and adapt. Benchmarking involves a number of activities, which include discovering the problem, establishing criteria for solutions, searching for promising practices, implementing promising practices and monitoring progress. Prior to engaging in benchmarking, it is crucial for managers to highlight the problem or activities that need to be benchmarked. The core activities identified may be essential to giving the organization a competitive edge (Stapenhurst, 2009). Establishing the criteria for solutions aid the organization to minimize omissions and errors and obtain a boost on its strategic goals, its primary business processes, and critical success

Identify a researchable problem in long term care using practical Assignment

Identify a researchable problem in long term care using practical examples and citing from literature. The problem refers to whether a patient's DNR status should deny them emergency treatment - Assignment Example A DNR does not become an obstacle in the way of most medical treatments like dialysis, surgery, chemotherapy etc. However, any emergency procedure which would consist of intubation or CPR is not allowed and patients with DNR status are denied that. Though each state in the US has differing rules and regulations, both CPR and advanced life support are not performed if there is an explicit DNR request confirmed by law. It is considered important that â€Å"a full discussion of the DNR order should be undertaken† (Norman, 2010) before advancing to surgery. But the way things are done is different in the prehospital settings and in many US states, a DNR order is not followed during the period when a patient is being transferred to the hospital from the site of trauma. Prehospital medical personnel in such cases starts resuscitation measures and does not deny a patient proper cardiac life support based on intubation and CPR. In contrast to Canada and US where DNRs are respected in healthcare setups by doctors and nurses, it is claimed by a Jordanian medical student that there is no concept of DNRs in Jordan and rest of the Middle East and also the family is denied the right to observe resuscitation in the OR. It is always tr ied to save a patient’s life even if emergency measures taken antagonize the patient’s will (Yousef, cited in Jimenez, 2009). There are some conditions specified by the US law when a patient’s DNR status should not deny them emergency treatment. This is when, among other conditions, there is sufficient evidence suggesting cancellation of the DNR order. Also, when a patient him/herself wishes for resuscitative or emergency measures or he/she is not in a state to make a conscious decision and it is requested by a family member to initiate emergency procedures, the DNR form is ignored (New York Department of Health, 1999). However, if a patient shows a DNR personally or

HCM HR discussion board week 8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HCM HR discussion board week 8 - Assignment Example The first stage of training and development occurs when an employee joins a company. The initial training should include a segment dedicated to corporate culture. Once an employee joins a staff there is periodically trainings that are given to the employees to improve general and specialized skills. Due to the changes that are occurring in all professions continued education has become more important than ever. The healthcare field requires professionals that keep up with the latest changes in diagnostic and treatment of diseases. As a future human resource manager in healthcare I will emphasize training and development as a value added function that can help the employees in the short, medium, and long term. The creation of a balance training and development program that includes both internal and external training sessions can benefit both the employees and the company. The inclusion of technology can help the firm provide training using online learning techniques. Smartphones such as Iphones and Androids can serve as databases to store medical

Identify a researchable problem in long term care using practical Assignment

Identify a researchable problem in long term care using practical examples and citing from literature. The problem refers to whether a patient's DNR status should deny them emergency treatment - Assignment Example A DNR does not become an obstacle in the way of most medical treatments like dialysis, surgery, chemotherapy etc. However, any emergency procedure which would consist of intubation or CPR is not allowed and patients with DNR status are denied that. Though each state in the US has differing rules and regulations, both CPR and advanced life support are not performed if there is an explicit DNR request confirmed by law. It is considered important that â€Å"a full discussion of the DNR order should be undertaken† (Norman, 2010) before advancing to surgery. But the way things are done is different in the prehospital settings and in many US states, a DNR order is not followed during the period when a patient is being transferred to the hospital from the site of trauma. Prehospital medical personnel in such cases starts resuscitation measures and does not deny a patient proper cardiac life support based on intubation and CPR. In contrast to Canada and US where DNRs are respected in healthcare setups by doctors and nurses, it is claimed by a Jordanian medical student that there is no concept of DNRs in Jordan and rest of the Middle East and also the family is denied the right to observe resuscitation in the OR. It is always tr ied to save a patient’s life even if emergency measures taken antagonize the patient’s will (Yousef, cited in Jimenez, 2009). There are some conditions specified by the US law when a patient’s DNR status should not deny them emergency treatment. This is when, among other conditions, there is sufficient evidence suggesting cancellation of the DNR order. Also, when a patient him/herself wishes for resuscitative or emergency measures or he/she is not in a state to make a conscious decision and it is requested by a family member to initiate emergency procedures, the DNR form is ignored (New York Department of Health, 1999). However, if a patient shows a DNR personally or

The beginning of my junior year in high school Essay Example for Free

The beginning of my junior year in high school Essay It was the beginning of my junior year in high school. I was just becoming accustomed to Knoxville, which I have called my new home since moving from Orlando, Florida my sophomore year in high school. I had been making friends and adjusting myself to this new environment, and now it finally felt like home. As I was settling in., I realized something; I didn’t know exactly whom I was or what I wanted to accomplish in life. I had my most important year of high school dawning upon me and no time to spare. In order to discover what i was interested in, I joined the National Honor Society at my school. I felt it was an appropriate way to contribute back to my community as well as explore new hobbies and meet great people along the way. During late September, I saw a great opportunity unfolding before my eyes. A local barbeque restaurant called Buddy’s Bar-B-Q was hosting a fundraising cancer awareness race around the Worlds Fair Park in downtown Knoxville. My father being a cancer doctor, this could not be turned down. When I arrived at the event, I saw an old man sitting alone on a bench, so I decided to join him. He saw my volunteer shirt and thanked me graciously. His name was Jim and he described how he recently lost his wife to breast cancer, and had no children or close relatives to help ease the situation. He asked why I decided to volunteer for this race, and I explained my journey through school and how my father happened to be a cancer doctor. Before the race started, Jim pulled me aside and told me to remember one thing in life, â€Å"No matter how bad you feel rejected and alone in life, there is always someone who can help† From that day on I did not think about Jim being an old wise man just shedding advice to somebody young, yet I saw him as a man who even though suffered the worst, still managed to live out all his life to the fullest. I realized that there is no way to map out the rest of my life; life is full of opportunities that have to be seized and experience can be taken from them. The University of Florida demonstrates a gateway to a world full of diversity and opportunity that I will successfully be able to grasp and take away great things from.

Innovation in Pizza Hut Dominating the Pizza Sector

Innovation in Pizza Hut Dominating the Pizza Sector Nowadays in organizational innovation is the base of developmental a new system or way product introducing in business sector.. It is necessary for an entrepreneurial practice. Its may start of firm, a big organization, and a public or private-sector company. Innovation is change, something new, its fundamental change. When the opening out of the computer its present incremental revolutionize, such as the conversion computer software. In other hand managements should build up process to motivate and trained to the changes attractive situate. SOURCES OF INNOVATION In business ant innovation comes with strong source. Opportunities are other part of innovation in organizations. Innovation usually from the persistent search for opportunity and source. Management guru Peter Ducker recognized opportunities of innovation be present both into outside or inside of a company or industry. Innovation development requirements sources and opportunities for changes in the marketplace or industry structure. Information is collected in two ways one primary and other secondary .The definition of primary information is the first hand or the original or the principal knowledge. There are many source of primary information these include survey, interview, meeting, observation of object, discussion etc. The secondary information comes from electronic survey. Management and employee research about their sales, cost, production etc. They can find out customers interest and needs by this way. PIZZA HUT: The record of Pizza hut begin in 1958, nowadays the worlds biggest pizza franchise was born. Today the Pizza hut company is part of the YUM, but back then two brothers borrowed $600 from their mother and started to forge the history of Pizza hut. Pizza Hut is the biggest international franchise and restaurant chain store in pizza sector. Pizza hut is division of Yum! Brands Inc. the largest restaurant group with 30,000 outlets in 90 countries. Its providing both dine in and take way service. Pizza hut offers different types of menu; various types of pizza, pasta and salad etc. The first pizza hut was born in Wichita Kansas of America in 1958. Two brothers Dan and Frank Carney borrowed $600 from their mother and open 25 seats restaurant of pizza hut. The Commercial History of Pizza Hut The whole history of pizza hut has been achieved through innovation, but the history of pizza hut really took off with amalgamation into the Pepsi Company and more aggressive marketing techniques especially in the take out market. Not surprisingly over the years Pizza hut had to reinvent the pizza again and introduce a healthier style of pizza. Pizza in itself is not the unhealthiest meal, but it is laden with unnecessary calories and fats when cheese is added. Pizza hut was forced to add new taste combinations to their menus that offered a lower fat alternative. It is now possible to select between three to eight In 1973 pizza hut open their first UK restaurant in Islington, London. Now Pizza hut (UK) is a 50:50 joint venture company between Yum! Brands Inc. and Whitbread Group. PLC. Pizza Hut UK now has more than 650 outlets, including 420 dine-in restaurant all over UK and Ireland and over 270 home delivery outlets. Now Pizza Hut UK has more than 20,000 employees. Pizza hut is the leader of highly competitive pizza business sector. They have lot of branches all over the UK. They have to operate their branches systemically to stand in top position. Pizza hut has a great reputation about their various innovation of pizza, pasta and others foods. They always focus on customer choice. Thats why they provide different foods menu in different area with different taste. Pizza hut always analysis their progress of sales in different store level. They try to make flexible their operational and management level activities. They analysis how to improve in store sale, stock management, productivity, waste control, information updating. Since 1980s pizza hut using POS (point of sale) system to operate their value of store business and create specific business decision. But its not enough for now days. Thats why in beginning of 2000 they try different information systems, But at the end after lot of experience in 2004 MICROS business information systems ins talled in 11 Pizza Hut in UK. Micros systems provide the facilities business operation and management processing level. Julian ONeill, Director of Business Process and IT division of Pizza Hut (UK) Ltd. says Our felling, after pretty stringent testing, was that MICROS had the capability to develop what we needed more quickly and robustly. Their system fitted the UK scenario Pizza Hut (UK) Ltd. And MICROS: MICROS system developed to create a network of point of sale terminal for order entry, series of kitchen display monitor to maintain order of food preparation; its makes easy the complicated cash handling and controlling delivery display in take way section. MICROS have structural activities to store control, production, report making through business process with strong network to store management to regional manager and head office. According to ONeil, benefits get into two categories: financial and operational Firstly, the system has helped drive up revenue by increasing average guest ticket, 0Neill commented. That has happened particularly thanks to the intuitive nature of the system and the way it leads staff through the selling process, in addition to the ability to incentivise individual team members through the use of detailed employee performance reporting. Systems Makeover Re-Energizes, Pizza Giants Sales and Productivity MICROS information technology system is developed to operate in various sector in Pizza Hut store to head office. In store activities totally controlled by this system. Its creating serious improvement in order flow. Its makes faster and easier to taking order from customer by waiter and send to kitchen and delivered on time. ONeill said MICROS supports staff in a contemporary and user-friendly way, putting a lot more intelligence behind the selling process, He estimates average increase in guest check at around 1 to 2 per cent. MICROS system in store function: End of Week Week Forecasting Labour Management Stock General Daily Tasks . mymicros.net Troubleshoot Cash Management Add New Employee . Time Cards Day off Request Holiday Request Table Plan Editor Section Management Drivers commission Deduction TMRI Managers Desktop Figure: Pizza Hut Information Systems. MICROS information system in Pizza Hut generally operate by store management. They doing their daily tasks duties. By this system forecasting for daily, weekly and monthly sales is done. They analysis with systemically and forecast daily product preparation. Inventory and order processing done by this systems. All daily, weekly and period report done by MICROS. Pizza hut all employee have a employee card. They can use it for clock in clock out with MICROS. Management control labour workforce by this excellent system. Particularly MICROS information systems have huge impact in Pizza Hut business sector. By MICROS management done their operational and strategic process. Following some activities of MICROS information system in Pizza HUT (UK): # Labour Management: Management analysis labour scheduling by MICROS. They fine out best way to use the employee hour. Make employee weekly scheduling with this technology. ONeill commented.Store and area managers can -almost in real time monitor how sales are trending and how staff are being allocated, ONeill said.One direct result is more efficient labour deployment. Which has improved by 3-4% in trial stores # Order Processing: MICROS makes comfortable for employee to take order and process it. This system is so quick and efficient. In this system there is lot of option to make job easier. This system has very good interlinked to front of house to back of house. # Payroll Management: Pizza Hut weekly payroll done by MICROS system. Every Sunday is the end of week. Management control every day labour hour by MICROS system. They can analysis how many will be needed. After end of week they send this report to Pizza Hut head office HR department and employee get proper salary regular bases. # Management Control: Every Pizza Hut store has MICROS information technology system. They have own access password to control their restaurant business up to-date. Store management and area manager can easily visit to my.micros.net and get report of every moment sales performance, labour cost etc. MICROS system has lot of facility. By this store management can share there performance, sales report, business mail, online food order, table booking, etc. Every restaurant has my inventory section. They can order online to their regular food supplier 3636 by using MICROS system. ONeil says The ordering process is now much more operator-friendly, and ONeill observed. Rather than receiving a phone call from the distributor and placing an order over the phone, store personnel can now do things in their own time, going into their system whenever convenient and placing an order for delivery at some future point. MICROS system gives management more flexibility to manage their business plan and decision making. ONeill says It allows much more detailed management decision-making and much increased transparency of what is happening with stocks food and consumables in every store, Management Change of Innovation: Management change is very essential concept of the organization. Change mostly depends on corporate structure, technology and people. If there is no change the managerial job would be vary easy. Planning would be simplified because tomorrow would be no different from today. The issue of organization design would be solved because the environment would be free from uncertainty and there would be no need to adapt. Management change is an organizational reality. It is very important job of the manager to handling change management, but now question is which facto create the change? factor is structure, technology, and people. Three categories of change:- Structure:- Authority relationship, Coordinating mechanisms Job redesign Span of control + Technology:- Work process Work methods Equipment + People:- Attitudes Expectations Perceptions Behaviour Change Process: Beginning of any kind change in organization some people doing important rule and responsible for managing change in company. This may any from managements role or organization experts. They called as a change agents. In organization manager cannot innovate any kind of so easily. All change should with rules regulation, logical and realistic. To introduce any process of change management should think about feedback and reflect of change. Management has to prepare to face employee resistance to change. Thats why change process is a important research issue. Researchers have innovate lot of change process model for successful of change. Generally two methods are use for change process. One is calm waters and others is white water rapids. Calm waters: The calm waters metaphor also known as a The Lewin Model. Kurt Lewin change process mainly base of three steps of change. Change about academic, general rules regulation with theoretical and practical related to management in large areas The first one is Unfreezing to everyone that why change is important than the next one is introduce the Change and the last one is Freezing, analysis and modify the change to successful of implement. # Unfreezing: Look after on driving and resistance forces; expenses, internal resource, employee organized. #Change: Introduce two combinations of two factors, implement it briefly. Communication with everyone. #Freezing: Get feedback, analysis, solution and be successful. 0702 Figure: Changing Process (Fundamental of Management-page;233) White- water rapids: This methods focus on doubtful and self-motivated atmosphere. Mainly highlighted the advantages for organization and small facts can be removable for large implements. Management get strong feedback instantly and go for action quick Explain probability and profitability of opportunities Reason of Resistance of change: We may like change and regard it is an essential feature of living; it does not mean that we always welcome it (Hughes, 2006, p.118) Resistance about any kind of change is natural human behaviour. Its a psychological weakness of people to adjust with something new. Resistance of change is common effect for management. So management should reason of resistance and how to reduce it from organization. Why people resist about change in organization its a common and important question. Lets find out some common factor of conflict of change between management and employee. Uncertainty: In general reason resistance of change for organizational people is hesitation. Its a common problem for human being to indecision mentality. Normally employee feels nervous uncomfortable. Thats why they always try to avoid any kind change. They think may their position will be lost. Threatened Self Interest: This type of normally coming from part of management and senior employee. They fear to loss their position, they think when something new introduces their long time experience will be useless. Different Perceptions: Conflict between top management and employee level is one of reason for resistance. Managements want to introduce any upgrade in business from their point of view, but employee does not except it, because the lack of inter relation. Feeling of Loss: Change is effect on work environment. People have own system to work. They dont want come out from his own network. They scared, If they try something new they can loss their dignity, power, co-relation, money, life and social security etc. 0703 Figure: Why People resist (Fundamentals of Management Page: 236) Its expectable management have face conflict of changing from their employee. The management have prepared for this kind situation. When resistance coming management should it take strongly. Resistance about change is always on top form. Ignore any thing this circumstances not a good move. Management have to analysis what the key point that people have resistance with something new. They have to utilise proper process to introduce any kind of change in organizational level. Recover the resistance about change in organization its not so simple. For successful change its really important to overcome resistance of change. Management should be technical to reduce the resistance of change in organization. Management can utilised several technical process like Education, Training and Communication. People resist for new thing because that have lack knowledge idea about that. Corporate training, inter personal communications; seminar can reduce the resistance of change. Management have prov ided proper information about changing process. They have to present the advantages of change in organization. There are some key technical processes to reduce the resistance of change: # Education and Communication: People have lack of idea and information about anything new. They dont know how any change can give them facilities, extra advantages. Impact of change can be successful, they dont understand because of communication gap. If management provide proper education, trained them to get ready of change. Proper Information can reduce the resistance of change in organization. It can give strong confidence to employee. # Participation: Its a real technical and smart process to overcoming from change resistance. Generally people become resist to change because, they expect about losing position, power, they may be underestimate. So management have to make sure employee not ignored, they are part of change, part of success. Contribution has to proper way and honestly. Management should give honour expertise. Participation and contribution give strong feedback about acceptance to change. # Facilitation and Negotiation: In organization always have some strong community. Ignore them its not smart movement. If they dont support it will be difficult to get success to up-coming change. Provide them facilities, benefits, declare change can be beneficial. Negotiate with some demand can solve the conflict of change. There are few more issue can reduce the resistance to change, it could be manipulation and cooptation, force field analysis. Beside these the manager can do other things to make the innovation successful within the organization. Establish the needs for the upcoming change or setup of the innovation within the organization. Define the success in market terms by creating an external focus over the market and the competitors. Be the clear thinker with the deep knowledge of the upcoming change within the organization. Encourage the employee with the imaginary power, to lead the success of the implementation of innovation. Energize team with the communication; make then a part of the change or creating the innovation. Make them proud to be a part of the innovation. Let them think they are doing something which will lead in the future. Give them a dream of innovation. Increase then internal communication with the team member. Obviously the monitoring. All of these could lead to the implement of an innovation successfully within the organization. Role of an organization in innovation or change: For the implementation of an innovation or bring a change within the organization is not a simple task. Here organization must have to involve along with change agent. The main plan to bring of an innovation or change comes from the organizational step huge involvement. Technology management cycle is the core things for any kinds of change or innovation. It starts with the concept of innovation and final stage is reflection of the concept. It is a continuous process. Only the change is unchangeable things. In the management cycle the manager gather different types of idea of change in the concept stage. Then try to find out the best possible action to take on. Then move to the experiment stage. Here management try with the chosen action how they are working. Is it ok to satisfy the management demands? This the experience stage of the management cycle. Finally the monitor and evaluate the actual performance and bring some possible change if necessary. Here, again starts with the generating new idea. To make a successful change or an innovation organization must have some important roles beside the management cycle. Like The organization must have to create a strategic vision Establish process to convert the idea with to innovation They must allocate the resources Reward the innovation result To bring an innovation or create any change the organization must have focus on few important things as well What would be the benefits of the customer or organization or stakeholders Consider the acceptable turn over Consider the value adds to the value chain Role of manager in the innovation Manager played very important role in tesco especially in the innovation process. Every manager in tesco is very sharp thinker. Manager is the team leader of every store. He has extra energetic power to maintain his team work. He is the developer and expertise in function. Innovation is the process of taking a createve idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation. The innovative organization is characterized by the ability to channel its creative juices into useful outcomes. When manager talk about changing an organization to make it more creative, they usually mean that they want to stimulate innovation. The manager of tesco doing planning, organizing, leading, monitoring and controlling. Technology provides very positive solution in the company, but technology effect the managerial role. At present company has become integrative communication canters. By using faster broadband computer and other utility tools manager get quick information. Tesco also u se their own software in their system, so every manager are well trained about the operate. By using those innovation manager can better formulate plants, make faster decisions, more clearly define the jobs that workers need to perform and monitor activities. In essence, information technology has enhanced manager ability to more effectively and efficiently. In those innovation are working correctly or not manager are the responsible person to complete this. He is the responsible person to implement those innovations. Tesco`s managerial people have creativity, motivate and encourage employees, scanning the environment, decision maker, entrepreneur, fix any problem quickly, handle under pressures, and negotiator. Every manager is the leader of the company. Manager is not the creator of those innovations but his duty is the implement in operation and practice Role of an organisation in innovation Innovation is the main key in tesco for its customer and their business. Companies main focus is equally in product and the process of innovation. From the begening of the company they try to keep their price low. The company also try to keep the shopping experience as easy as possible. Their strategy:- * Good customer service, easy and faster shoping. * Very sustainable price with good quality. * Same price in every store.

It’s Time to Put an End to Corporal Punishment in Schools Essay

It’s Time to Put an End to Corporal Punishment in Schools Seven countries-Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Austria, Italy and Cyprus- have laws making it illegal for parents to use physical punishment on their children. Corporal punishment in schools has been banned in all the countries in Europe, South and Central America, China and Japan. The United States has outlawed corporal punishment from our prisons as cruel and inhumane treatment, as well as wife-beating, once thought to be the right of a husband. Why don’t we afford the same protection to our children? Our culture sanctions the use of corporal or physical punishment as a way for parents to discipline their children. Just a few weeks ago Marvin Munyon, president of the Family Resource Forum based in Madison, Wisconsin, was at the Eau Claire Gospel Center to talk about and demonstrate the proper way to spank children. Mr. Munyon would have us believe that discipline other than spanking is ineffective (Emerson 1B, 3B). From my experience as a child and a parent I have found the opposite to be true. If we take a look at what discipline is and the reasons parents use physical punishment, we can then start to understand that there are more effective ways to discipline children. Webster’s New World Dictionary defines corporal punishment, as â€Å"bodily punishment.† The word punish is defined by the same source as â€Å"to cause to undergo pain, loss, etc., as for a crime.† There is no mention anywhere in this definition about teaching or training which is one of the definitions of discipline: â€Å"training that develops self-control, efficiency, etc.† What does physical punishment teach children? For one thing it teaches them that it’s ok... ...Associated Press. â€Å"To Spank or not to Spank? Debate continues after Georgia incident. A Matter of Discipline.† Baltimore Sun, The (Baltimore, MD), July 10, 1994: 1J. Available: NewsBank NewsFile Collection (1991-current) (Online). Emerson, Julian. â€Å"Spanking As Discipline Promoted.† Eau Claire Leader-Telegram, September 23, 2000: 1B, 3B. EPOCH-USA. â€Å"Spanking: Facts & Fiction.† Homepage. 15 Oct. 2000 http:/www.stophitting.com/EPOCH/epoch_spanking.htm NCACPS: â€Å"Facts About Corporal Punishment.† Homepage: 15 Oct. 2000 http:/www.stophitting.com/NCACPS/NCACPS_facts_about_corporal_punishment.htm Schulte, Brigid. â€Å"AMA research suggests spanking kids hinders discipline more than it helps.† Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, August 14, 1997. Available: NewsBank NewsFile Collection (1991-current) (Online).

A kite is a victim Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Poem titled â€Å"A Kite is a victim† written by Leonard Cohen contains multiple tropes. Through my own analysis I propose that the author’s central focus concerns life. Cohen discusses the relationships and accomplishes that we make throughout our lifetimes. In my opinion, the kite is a metaphor for the essence of life and living. Each of the four stanzas in the poem begins with a trope. In every case the tenor is the kite. These tropes will be analyzed with regard to the central theme of the poem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first tenor that I will discuss can be found in the first line of the first stanza. Cohen writes: â€Å"A kite is a victim you are sure of†. This is personification. Leonard Cohen uses a human quality â€Å"victim† to describe an inanimate object. The tenor would be the kits and the vehicle is clearly victim. The first stanza presents the qualities of life and love. The kite is a victim like life is a sacrificial and sometimes inevitably painful. As much as we have happiness we must also experience sadness and hurt. You are sure of it because it is part of everyday. You know that you must experience these hard ships in order to move forward. Cohen describes it as being tempting because it pulls. Life is interesting because you cannot control it completely. There are ups and downs just like a kite in the wind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The next tenors that I will identify can be found in the first stanza in the third and fourth lines. Both of these lines provide an example of personification. Much like the initial line of the poem, these lines characterize the kite with human qualities:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Gentle enough to call you master,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  strong enough to call you fool.† In these examples the tenor is the kite and the entire lines represent the vehicle. A kite cannot be neither gentle, nor strong or call you anything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These tenors represent the full spectrum of emotions and strength in life. It is as if he is discussing god and the life you have been given. It is gentle enough that you often feel strong and powerful but also strong enough to humble you. The sixth line of Cohen’s poem is a simile. Leonard makes a direct comparison between a falcon and the kite:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"like a desperate trained falcon.†   &nb... ...ugh prayer. Finally, the fourth stanza also contains another example of personification in line 25: â€Å"under the traveling cordless moon.† In this case the kite is not the tenor. Cohen describes the moon with distinctively human qualities. The moon cannot be cordless and some would also argue that it cannot be traveling. Therefore the vehicle is cordless. This tenor describes the moon, the light in the darkness. It moves forward without any restraints unlike the kite. It is a freeing experience. It is time to let go and move toward death. Finally death and the acceptance of it provides a person with purity. Often with death comes more fame. You die but not without leaving memories and worthiness behind. You become completely pure and important through your legacy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leonard Cohen illustrates some incredibly deep and powerful perspectives on life in this poem. He makes clear connections between his metaphors and the overall theme of the poem. Each tenor represents another metaphor that is open to scrutinizing interpretation. The theme of life and living is a powerful one. Cohen has provided effective examples of tenors within the text of a profound poem.

Future of Indian Democracy Essay

For the use of the term â€Å"democracy† as referring to a system involving multiparty elections, representative government, and freedom of speech. Democracy is a form of government in which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Democracy allows eligible citizens to participate equally—either directly or through elected representatives—in the proposal, development, and creation of laws. It encompasses social, economic and cultural conditions that enable the free and equal practice of political self-determination. India is the largest democratic country in the world. All around the world, India’s democracy is taken as an example for the countries all over the world. But the real question is this type of democracy really beneficial for our country. Where is it taking our country in the near future? What is the future of Indian democracy? In India anybody can stand for elections and win to became member of legislative assembly of that area. Anybody can become prime minister, chief minister. But is this a good thing? Developed Countries like USA have highly educated people as their leaders. For a developing country like India where proper measures need to be taken for development, uneducated officials are useless for the development of the nation. The future of our country is in the dark as most of the ministers and leaders are less qualified or uneducated. Corruption is in the roots of our system. Most of the money sanctioned for development of the country such as roads, schools l, colleges, etc is consumed by oh our corrupt leaders. Most of the money we pay as taxes is eaten by our leaders. There is no strict measure for verifying or trying these leaders. The five year form of government is a curse for our country. All the ruling partiers enjoy the ruling power for the first four years and In the last year many rules are implemented to lure the voters and gain votes of the people. In thinking about Indian democracy and its future prospects, commentators have lavished far too much attention on â€Å"politics† in the narrowest conception of the term. There is much speculation, for example, on whether India might move towards a two-party system or some variation of it, with the Congress and the left parties constituting one bloc and the other bloc being constituted by BJP and its allies. But this kind of scenario has little room for parties such as the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) and the Samajwadi Party (SP), which together dominate politics in Uttar Pradesh, where efforts by the Congress to reinvent itself do not hold much promise of success. In the General Elections of 2004, the Left Front won 60 seats and came to hold the decisive swing vote. While so far the left has shown little inclination to revolt, and West Bengal is rapidly retooling itself to become attractive to the corporate world and foreign investors, the possibility of genuine and irreconcilable differences developing between the Congress and the Left Front should never be minimized. The wisdom and resilience of ordinary people has been exemplified not only at the ballot box, but in grassroots movements and cultural practices of syncretism. Secondly, the Constitution of India remains, despite attempts to subvert its emancipator provisions, a document and a vision that continues to hold out the promise of equality, justice, and opportunity. It has survived the wreckage of an authoritarian executive and will outlive the Supreme Court’s present disposition to allow massive land grabs in the name of progress and development. Thirdly, though Mohandas Gandhi’s assassins never seem to rest, the specter of Gandhi remains to haunt, guide, and inspire Indians who are resistant to everything that passes for â€Å"normal politics† and have not entirely succumbed to the oppressions of modernity. As I have elsewhere written, Gandhi took great risks and was not in the least cowed down by history, the sanctity of traditions, or scriptural authority. Some six decades ago, Indians entered into a tryst with destiny. Now is the time to gamble everything on the unique experiment that constitutes Indian democracy